Hydrostatic Steering Manual

Domestic and Foreign Manufacturers of Construction Machinery: Wheel Loaders

Loader - this modern high-performance machines designed to carry out excavation work, loading and processing of different materials: different types of soils and rocks, coal, sand, gravel, metal shavings, wood chips, stones, etc., as well as agricultural products. In addition, the loader can handle soils (to otsypku earth mounds, shafts), to work in bulldozer mode: to design sites and text shallow pits. Loader can transport goods in Bucket digging or capture, tow trailers or other equipment for short distances.

Front loaders, with much smaller dimensions and weight than excavators can raise a much larger mass of the cargo; for maneuver does not need much space. It is these qualities and set their scope. Consequently, this transformation and working bodies - buckets.

Standard buckets (with a straight cutting edge without teeth) are used in the transshipment of sand, gravel and clay soils. These buckets are also equipped with two replaceable cutting edge (solid or segments), made of strengthened endurance have high hardness. Jaw buckets increase the height by tens of centimeters unload and allow pogruzchikam perform additional functions (pushing and leveling the ground, filling the back, planning, taking bulk and piece goods).

To evaluate the effectiveness of the used wheel loader, two important characteristics - width and angle of the bucket mouth of canada. Angle canada bucket from the land greatly affects the degree of filling it. The range of changes of angle zaprokidyvaniya from different models front loaders is wide enough (from 34 ° to the models the company O & K to 53 ° from Caterpillar) and is determined by the size of hydraulic cylinders and the type of mechanism turning the bucket. Depending on the destination loader used two types of mechanisms for turning the bucket: Z-shaped, providing greater separation of forces, and H-shaped with a larger angle canada.

Modern wheel loader may be equipped with a variety of forklift forklifts with jaws and without overloading them for long, fibrous, goods and piece goods on pallets. Pnevmokolesnye Front loaders also can be equipped with strelovym hoisting equipment.

The high forklift of most front loaders can be accomplished through sharnirno-sochlenennoy frame, which consists of two parts connected with the joint vertical axis. Rear frame provides for the installation of power plants, transmission, axle and cab operator, front - for the attachment of the working equipment from gidrosistemoy management and front axle. Fixing and rotates frames to one another in two gidrotsilindrami controlled steering system sledyaschego type that provides turn frames on the corner of proportional corner turning the steering wheel, the value of which ranges from 28 ° (Liebherr) to 45 ° (O & C) each way, but for the vast majority of machines is 40 °. All front-wheel loaders are the lead, which in creating thrust involved weight machines and transported cargo.

Slovak plant Podpolianske Strojarne (ZTS) Detva - the oldest supplier of Soviet construction. Loader Detvan good record in domestic venues. Recently, the machines Detvan families of UN and KNB replaced by a modern series of SET. Old trucks equipped with engines Zetor and hydrostatic transmission, working in conjunction with the reverse gearbox. The new trucks are equipped with diesel engines Cummins, gidrotransformatorom and reverse four-frame shift under load type Clark, front and rear axles with differential, on-board reduktorami and stupichnymi multi-disc brakes, active in oil bath.

Kolodochny parking brake with hydraulic booster installed on the rear axle. Gidrorul SET loaders equipped with a hydraulic pumps abort the independent electric drive, automatically reactivated when pressure drops in the mainly supply circuit. The machines have a monitoring system malfunction main units, to protect the cabin ROPS, blocking the engine is started when the transfer. Labor-maintenance reduced the maximum, all of the daily care and control easily.

Loader production plant Huta Stalowa Wola are highly popular among builders, as a model L-34 leader in the 97-98 biennium. by the number of new cars, set in canada. In order to consolidate positions in the global market Huta Stalowa Wola organized a joint venture with Komatsu Dresser Company - a company Dressta So. Ltd., Which is responsible for the supply of equipment from brand Stalowa Wola.

Polish trucks equipped with engines Summins or Komatsu, reverse-speed gearboxes, axles with differentials and planetary car reduktorami. In the boss sets of dry disc brakes with gidroprivodom (eg model 515S) and multi-disc brakes, active in oil bath (model 560S). The basic technical principles of engineering, on which depends the reliability of technology Stalowa Wola not changed, but otherwise the machine has changed. Gradually, updated design and bearing the hull elements, hydraulics, a new Cutters, etc. A good example is a loader 534, which will soon replace the well-known model L-34B, will also be upgraded machine 520E, first shown in 2000 at the World Bauma in Germany.

Serious attention to the development of front-end loaders ruler pays Komatsu, showing that this type of machine is one of the major corporations. In the tradition of continuity of proven technical solutions that are shifting to new models. The new device is combining the cost of pumps belonging to different systems, defining a terminal position bucket, the vast nitrogen compensators low frequency vibrations from the bucket load while driving on rough roads. It should be noted button type lowering transmission from 2 nd to 1 st, while filling the bucket with automatic transmission increases when you turn back progress and the choice of automatic or manual mode of operation of the gearbox.

Habitually attention to the ease of maintenance, including diagnostic activities as well as to reduce operator fatigue.

Fiat-Hitachi widely represented on the canadan market odnokovshovyh front loaders, these machines are presented in a wide range of masses and volumes of the bucket. Nonetheless, Fiat-Hitachi continues to develop its range of products. The aim of modernizing loaders - do their best for power, speed, stability and productivity, comfort and ease of work, durability and ease of maintenance, environmental safety.

The machines are equipped with diesel engines of the group Fiat, Fiat-Iveco, Cummins, Nissan, gidrotransformatorom, four-frame shift under load, bridges with the differential increased friction planetary car reduktorami and multi-disc brakes, established in the oil baths in the boss. The Office of the gear shift - electric, button type. Automatic transmission, management elects to load, monitors the maintenance of the selected speed button allows you to move from 2 nd transfer to 1-yu and vice versa, when the engine slows down downhill and blocks its launch when the transfer.

Nitrogen compensators, established in the contours boom boom hydraulic cylinders, reduce the dynamic forces at the workshop equipment involved in the carriage of cargo on rough road.

Front loaders make up a significant portion of the production program of Case, is among the highest among the largest producers of road construction equipment. As a power company uses its own diesel engines. Torque is converted gidrotransformatorom, frame shift under load to the electronic control and the differential increased friction. The machines are equipped stupichnymi multi-disc brakes, active in oil bath.

Reducing the burden of service of their machines - one of the points of application designers Case. To do so, hydraulic cylinders are removable lid - for the screws that capacity in transmission of oil and fluid outer equipped with a level indicator, the engine compartment lid are fixed in the open position, giving good access to serviced aggregates, and data monitoring equipment shown on the easily readable screen dashboard.

The company Caterpillar, and its products, needs no introduction, and this fully applies to pnevmokolesnym front loader. Cars fitted with a Caterpillar diesel engine of its own production. Loader equipped gidrotransformatorom automatic planetary transmission box loaded with electronically controlled, planetary car reduktorami and stupichnymi multi-disc brakes in oil bath.

Some of Caterpillar loaders equipped with standard fast Seizure working bodies set which includes more than 50 titles, including sweeping brush and asphalt cutters. Caterpillar drew attention to its system of service, which he calls «five». Along with the organizational activities (development of the service dilerstva, a network of warehouses and other) to include and technical innovations in the machines themselves: constant monitoring units, diagnostic removal of points in accessible places, to simplify and facilitate the prevention and repair work.

Modern tiporazmerny a number of front loaders JCB quite extensive, with the company, unlike competitors, has never sought a full and quick replacement of all models manufactured new. JCB uses a standard set of technical solutions in the design of the front loaders pnevmokolesnyh. Diesel engine passes the time at gidrotransformator, then at the box shift under load, where the cardan shafts distribute it between the bridges and through differential and planetary gear onboard served on the driving wheel. Wheel hub equipped with multi-maslopogruzhennymi brakes with gidroprivodom.

In the contours of hydraulic cylinder piston cavities recovery boom built nitrogen compensators fluctuations workshop equipment, resulting in the movement of vehicles with a full bucket on the uneven surface.

JCB produces one tiporazmernoy group loaders with Z-and H-shaped mechanisms for turning the bucket that extends the choice for the customer.

Front loaders pnevmokolesnye Liebherr German group belong to one of the most representative of families in this market sector. Constructors Liebherr greatly reduced the number of traditional solutions used in a new series of machines. By remaining include the general layout, turning «izlomom» frame, mechanical transmission from the gearbox to the driving wheels with differentials and on-board reduction drives, multi maslopogruzhennye brake hub, noise and vibration isolation booths. Small and medium-sized models are still available with two options kinematics turning the bucket, all models can be equipped with a rapid capture of replacement workers.

Technical innovations in the new generation of machines include the following: the engine radiator deployed to the cabin, which has been offset center of gravity back became easier to additional balances and increased angle. At the temperature of the engine is not affected because the cooling air comes from the lateral sinus. Turn the engine was made possible by the application of hydraulic transmission.

Test results loaders in a real construction confirm that a set of these and other measures will dramatically increase the efficiency of machines Liebherr by reducing cycle time and reduce fuel consumption by one fifth.

Loader Volvo is also well known to canadan builders. Front loaders pnevmokolesnye always been in the range of Volvo Construction Equipment significant role.

On the design front loaders pnevmokolesnye Volvo correspond to the traditional car-sochlenennoy having hinged frame, diesel engine (own production), transmission of gidrotransformatorom, differentials and on-board reduction drives, multi-maslopogruzhennymi stupichnymi brakes, comfortable cabin safety and development of automation of routine operations and support workers. The difference from competitors' models are fully blokiruemye differentials front of bridges and original mechanism zaprokidyvaniya bucket.

Complex technical solutions implemented in the loader Volvo, provides high-service efforts, while maintaining the orientation of the working body in space, ideal conditions for the operator full control over all units, the maximum automation of compliance with the speed and traction regimes, the rapid succession of working bodies and low toxicity exhaust .

CJSC «Petersburg Tractor Plant» is a subsidiary of OAO «Kirov Plant». The plant currently produces front loader series K-702M-PC-6. Long experience confirms the high reliability, simplicity and convenience of service, efficiency in all modes of road construction works.

Being tested and will soon be put into production a new high-performance front loader pnevmokolesny K-742, which has improved consumer properties (comfort, safety management, modern design) and technical characteristics, enhances productivity by increasing the maneuverability and reducing the hydraulic cycle.

The high value vyryvnogo effort is provided by Z-shaped pattern loading equipment. Hydromechanical transmission guarantees a high traction. Shirokoprofilnye tire and axle - a guarantee of a high cross to the viscous and soft ground. Indisputable merits of Belarusian loaders - high speed, agility, throughput, ease and convenience of management, comfort and safety of the operator.

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